Land reform is probably one of the most difficult domestic policy issues to be dealt with by zimbabwe, namibia, south africa and australia. An adapted version of this paper appears in the edited collection post independence land reform in zimbabwe, published in may 2004 by the friedrich ebert stiftung in harare. Comparison is made between programmes elsewhere and those in zimbabwe, and implications for poverty, rural and urban welfare, the economy, the environment, legislation, and for women are considered. The need for land reform south africa suffered a long history of colonization, racial domination and land dispossession that resulted in the bulk of the agricultural land being owned by a white minority. Governance constraints to young peoples livelihoods in zimbabwe. Introduction land reform is often viewed in moral and political terms, as a necessary means by which land may be redistributed, for example to the landless poor to help alleviate poverty, as reward for struggles for. The history of land reform in zimbabwe is addressed and the current proposed reform p. Balancing individual and social justice through an integrated human rights framework, world development on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips. The second phase of the land redistribution and resettlement programme in the form of the fast track land reform programme ftlrp, which started in 2000, has created an expanded number and array of small, medium and large scale farms, and effectively transferring ownership from the minority, white farmers to new indigenous farmers. The land grab provided a fast and free approach to acquiring land for resettlementthe ultimate liberation from constitutional constraints on land acquisition. The party now has titles to formerly privateowned land, and has the power, as do most other regimes in africa, to allocate and reallocate land to win political support and punish. The way forward for land reform in zimbabwe in the future is discussed.
A 1998 survey of farm workers in zimbabwe detailing their demographic, and skill, land access and viewpoints of land reform and redistribution is used to examine the very real constraints and the possibilities for poverty reduction among longstanding marginalized social groups in the ongoing fasttrack land resettlement in zimbabwe. Pdf much of the scholarly work on zimbabwes land and agrarian reform has. What are the prospects of such farms driving new forms of agricultural commercialization. Land reform in zimbabwe, 19801990 robin palmer introduction on 18 april 1990 zimbabwe celebrates the 10th anniversary of its independence. The fasttrack land reform and agrarian change in zimbabwe. The imperative to emancipate the black majority citizenry from the imbalances and injustices of unequal access to land inherited from the colonial regime in post1980, saw zimbabwe attempting different phases of land reforms. Zimbabwe food security issues paper forum for food security in southern africa papers country issues paper. Zimbabwe, on one side of the spectrum, is facing a crisis in democratisation due to its radical approach to land reform.
The food insecurity has remained a continuous challenge for the rural poor in zimbabwe. Land ownership, and rights of use of land, have been central issues for many countries throughout history, and for many are also issues of the day. A critical analysis of the land reform programme in zimbabwe. Land reforms constraints and prospects policies, perspectives and ideologies in zimbabwe today, t. Editorial introduction find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Irrespective of all constraints, the governments accomplishments during the. Opportunities for and constraints on crop production within zimbabwe s fasttrack resettlment programme a case study of fair range estate, chiredzi district, south eastern zimbabwe a minithesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of masters of philosophy in land and agrarian studies by joseph a chaumba. In zimbabwe, for the first ten years after independence in 1980, land redistribution was limited largely to that occurring on a willingbuyer, willingseller basis as defined by the lancaster house agreement. While on the other hand, the constraints imposed by a democratic system in south africa. Womens movements, customary law, and land rights in. Background to the research 2 land reform in zimbabwe 3. Land reform is a zimbabwe success story it will be the. Any programme of land reform has to inevitably deal with the vexed issue of property relations and their constitutional basis.
The next chapter will give brief background information on youth and livelihoods in zimbabwe and how land reform impacted on access to livelihoods and how youth have interacted with this process. Chopugudza, sc 14292 the supreme court had ruled that s. Constraints and prospects soas studies in development geography university of london school of oriental and african studies, stoneman, colin, bowyerbower, t. Project muse liberation from constitutional constraints. The need for land reform south africa suffered a long history of colonization, racial domination and land dispossession that. Case of ruralurban migrants, in land reform in zimbabweconstraints and prospects, ed. Zimbabwe food security issues paper forum for food. The book provides a detailed overview of the historical, legal, political, and economic aspects of land redistribution in zimbabwe since its independence in. It is therefore important to envision land reform processes as networks of power relations in institutionalised form. Justiciable property rights and postcolonial land reform. In tracing the zimbabwean land reform policy trajectory, four distinct phases or.
This is followed by a discussion of the literature on youth, livelihoods and. Pdf land, agrarian reform in zimbabwe viewed from a. But an informed debate on the future is needed and a focus on land and the agricultural sector must be central to these discussions. Aim of the study to pore over the trajectory of the south african land reform bringing out how land reform is an unfinished business for the sake of sustainable development in the country. Challenges and prospects of zimbabwes command farming in. Drs tanya bowyerbower and colin stoneman compile the views of top researchers, members of government, civil society, ngos, funders, and zimbabwe s three farmers unions. Table 3 allocation of acquired land to a1 and a2 settlers as at march 2003 9. Lessons and prospects from a poverty alleviation perspective by sue mbaya a paper presented at the conference on land reform and poverty alleviation in southern africa convened by the southern african regiona l poverty network sarpn human sciences research council hsrc, pretoria, south africa. Overall impacts of fast track land reform programme. Zimbabwe is classified into five agroecological regions based on soil type, rainfall patterns. In this section, we zero in on masvingo province in the central south and east of the country. Succession law reform in zimbabwe journal of african law. Pdf on dec 1, 2011, lionel cliffe and others published an overview of fast track.
This controversial decision was followed with obvious reluctance by the high court in masubey v. Land reform and human rights in contemporary zimbabwe. Reallocating land following willing sellerwilling buyer criteria is a new demand. The land reform has played a role in the machinery needs of the farmers. Pdf constraints and challenges facing the small scale. The study sought to establish and analyze the challenges and prospects of zimbabwe s command farming in unlocking the countrys smallholder agricultural economy with particular reference to smallholder rural and a1 resettlement farmers in bindura district of zimbabwe. A framework for discussion papers part of the zimbabwe land series dale dor april 10th, 2012 abstract this article sets the tone and lays out a framework for the presentation of a series of discussion papers on land policy in zimbabwe. Approximately 80 percent of zimbabwean women live in communal areas, where they. Pdf an overview of fast track land reform in zimbabwe.
From jambanja to planning institute of development studies. To purchase this ebook for personal use, or in paperback or hardback format, please. Was redistribution possible, and what were the outcomes and. Land reform in zimbabwe officially began in 1980 with the signing of the lancaster house agreement, as an effort to more equitably distribute land between black subsistence farmers and white zimbabweans of european ancestry, who had traditionally enjoyed superior political and economic status. Major changes have occurred in the livestock sector in zimbabwe in the last few years. The social, political and economic transformative impact of the fast track land reform programme on the lives of women farmers in goromonzi and vungugweru districts of zimbabwe page 1 table of contents list of tables, figures and boxes ii introduction 1 1. The zimbabwean government will then at last be able to tackle the contentious and highly politicised land. In each of these countries the process of land reform is incomplete. Find out achievements in the south african land reform. Read land reform and human rights in contemporary zimbabwe. Constraints and challenges facing the small scale farmers in limpopo province, south africa.
Cliffe prospects for agrarian transformation in zimbabwe. An overview of constraints and prospects of land reform in zimbabwe is presented. The chapter then analyses these constitutional and legislative frameworks and outlines their implications for human rights justiciability. Projections mit department of urban studies and planning. This highly informative collection is the product of a 1998 london conference, updated to take note of the illegal and violent seizure of whiteowned farms starting in early 2000 by the government of robert mugabe. After years of political impasse and economic instability, there is a potential for a new start. Land reform in zimbabwe 1 norma kriger in 1980, zimbabwe s white minority owned commercial farms covered nearly half the countrys agricultural land. More generally, the paper revisits the issue of gender and land rights in india and outlines the possibilities and constraints to land access through the state, the family and the market. Projections mit student journal of planning editorial mit international development group faculty perspectives land reform and rural well being in georgia 19962003 empirical evidence from hangzhous urban land reform evolution, structure, constraints and prospects transmitting urban models and the contradictions. Land reform is a zimbabwe success story it will be the basis for economic recovery under mnangagwa november 29, 2017 9.
Across africa there has been a growth in mediumsized farms, including in zimbabwe following the land reform of 2000. Simultaneously, the famous lancaster house constitution expires. Maposa, 2james hlongwana and 2tasara muguti abstract the article seeks to delineate and evaluate some constraints that the new black farmers in the former white commercial farms face in the backdrop of the contested land reform programme in zimbabwe. Much of this land was previously cattle ranches, with limited.
The programmes stated targets were intended to alter the ethnic balance of land. Understanding zimbabwe s land reform in this broader context is therefore important. Pdf on dec 1, 2011, lionel cliffe and others published an overview of fast track land reform in zimbabwe. Major amongst zimbabwe s land reform strategies was the radical fast track land reform programme of 2000, which. This is followed by a discussion of the various land reform policies adopted by the government of zimbabwe from 1980 to 20, focusing on the relevant constitutional and legislative arrangements. Constraints and prospects soas studies in development geography. Farm mechanization and conservation agriculture for sustainable intensification facasi project market analysis for small mechanization zimbabwe. Land reform is a highly politicised process characterised by unequal power relations. Introduction at independence in 1980 zimbabwe inherited a highly skewed pattern of land distribution. It begins with the premise that land policy, especially the fast track land reform.
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